How to Build a Retaining Wall: A Step-by-Step Guide

How To Build A Retaining Wall: A Step-By-Step Guide

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A structurally sound retaining wall is an essential part of any landscaping project, admired for its combination of beauty, function, and durability. However, installing a retaining wall correctly involves a detailed understanding of structural requirements, specialized materials, and precise construction techniques. As a trusted landscaping company in Nova Scotia, Oakhill Outdoor brings professional insights into the complexities of building retaining walls.

Below is a step-by-step guide on how to build a retaining wall, emphasizing essential steps and expert tips that property owners and contractors alike should consider.

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Step 1: Comply With City Regulations & Permits

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Before initiating any construction, it is essential to verify your local building codes and homeowner regulations. Retaining walls in Nova Scotia often require permits and specific structural guidelines. Ensuring compliance beforehand prevents costly setbacks and legal complications later.

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Step 2: Excavation & Setting The Base

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Once your design is confirmed, the next step of retaining wall construction is a proper excavation and setting a foundational base:

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• Depth: Excavation depth should accommodate at least 30% of your wall’s total height below ground level. For example, a 4 foot wall would require at least 14 inches below grade for foundational stability.
  
  
• Width: Excavate at least 6–8 inches beyond the block dimensions of the planned retaining wall, allowing adequate space for drainage and backfill.
  
  
• Foundation Base: Install a minimum 6-inch base layer of 3/8-inch chip stone, to ensure proper stability. At Oakhill Outdoor, we stress this step as the cornerstone of long-lasting wall performance.

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Step 3: Leveling

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Once your base material is set, creating a durable base for your retaining wall involves meticulous leveling:

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• Leveling: Each retaining wall block must be level side-to-side and front-to-back. Professionals often employ laser leveling tools or string-line levels to achieve this precision.

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Step 4: Wall Assembly and Block Placement

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At this point in the process, proper wall assembly requires attention to structural details:

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• Interlocking Blocks: Choose high-quality interlocking retaining wall blocks featuring a locking lip, providing reinforcement and increased structural integrity.
  
  
• Block Staggering: Offset each block in a running-bond pattern, staggering joints to evenly distribute weight and pressure.
  
  
• Capstones and Adhesive: Finish the wall by securely fastening capstones using specialized masonry adhesive. A professional-grade adhesive ensures capstones remain firmly in place, enhancing appearance and stability.

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Step 5: Drainage Considerations

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Professional retaining wall contractors understand that effective drainage significantly impacts wall integrity:

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• Drainage Stone Backfill: Install clean drainage stone (such as 3/4-inch clear gravel) behind the retaining wall to prevent water accumulation and hydrostatic pressure.
  
  
• Drainage Pipes: Include perforated drainage pipes at the base of the backfill, ensuring the pipes slope slightly to direct water away from the structure.

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Step 6: Ensuring Long-Term Stability

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• Geo-Grid Reinforcement: For taller retaining walls or those supporting substantial weight, consider geo-grid reinforcement layers extending into the backfill, adding strength and stability.
  
  
• Final Grading and Landscaping: Once your wall is backfilled, proper grading around your wall ensures water moves away from the structure, enhancing longevity.

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Why Professionals Make the Difference

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Installing a stone retaining wall requires in-depth expertise in soil mechanics, material selection, leveling techniques, and drainage solutions. All areas where professional retaining wall contractors like Oakhill Outdoor excel. Poor execution can lead to structural failure, requiring costly repairs.

Oakhill Outdoor is a trusted hardscaping and landscaping company operating all across Nova Scotia. We are renowned for meticulous attention to detail and high-quality craftsmanship. Our expertise encompasses full-service luxury landscaping, from initial design to project completion, ensuring client satisfaction at every step.

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